Justice and Policing in the United Arab Emirates Essay

Justice and Policing in the United Arab Emirates - Essay Example The United Arab Emirates is known to have liberal laws compared to other Arabic states. This is evident due to the fact that, women can drive and they allow people to take alcohol. In most Arab countries it is a criminal offence to drink alcohol and women are so inferior that they cannot drive. There is a dual court system, Sharia or Islamic laws and the civil law, this is also not found in other Arab countries. The Islamic courts take charge of matters relating to: family issues. The sharia law only applies when both the plaintiff and the defendant are Muslims. The civil courts are responsible for matters related to commercial, criminal or civil. The civil courts can cater for cases that involve the plaintiff and the defendant, both being Muslims, non-Muslims or a Muslim and a non-Muslim. Sharia is applied first and, if evidence required by Sharia is found insufficient, the Penal Code is used.There is an extralegal requirement for the approval of the release of every prisoner whose sentence has been completed. Dubai and Ras Al Khaimah do not conform to the federal court system that is subjected to all the other members of the United Arab Emirates. The Supreme Court that was established and the federal council had well laid structures that define their relationship. This clearly made the Supreme Court to be the final court since all decisions made by the Federal Council have to be approved by the Supreme Court for them to be the final decision

What you do for a living Essay Example for Free

What you do for a living Essay Ever wonder why it is that you do what you do for a living? Or why you ever chose to go into the career of dental hygiene in the first place. We’ll I got my answer just the other day as I was practicing my clinical hygiene skills. When I heard that I was having a patient come in that was physically and mentally challenged, I had no idea what was going to be presented to me as a clinician. John Doe showed up and when I went out to get him he had a care taker with him. He had to be lead and helped to my chair for observation. Not knowing his medical history I really had no idea of what kind of special needs patient he was going to be. At first when I asked him to take a seat at my chair he just stood there and did not even say a word. I was nervous not knowing if I was handling the situation well enough. His care taker finally said in a forceful voice, â€Å"John sit down!† I was trying to communicate with him in a friendly way, and I could tell that he was really nervous about the appointment. As I went through his medical history with his care giver, I found it very frustrating that she did not know why he was taking any of these medications. However, there was a list of his conditions, so I had to use my best judgment. Also the company had no information on his dental history. I personally don’t think he ever had a dental history, which really bothered me to know that he wasn’t getting his teeth taken care of. John has Down syndrome, with severe mental retardation, along with many other conditions, most of which I found to be linked to each other. As we started leaning him back in the chair I could tell that he was unsure if he liked what was going on. I found that I had to adjust my level to almost a kid style of learning, showing everything I did before I proceeded onto the next step. I continued talking to him about each step. When I asked him, â€Å"John do you brush your teeth?† He replied the only way he could, with a sign, his caregiver then told me he was saying yes. This was great news; I got some communication out of him, which meant that he was feeling a little more comfortable? As I did the periodontal assessment I was amazed at how much biofilm was on his teeth. Every tooth was completely covered with biofilm and it was even colored it had been there so long. Also he had some mobility on a few teeth. I asked  his caregiver if she was able to brush their patient’s teeth, and she mentioned that they have to have a certain approval to do so. I mentioned that it would be beneficial for John’s health, for her to get approved, due to his limited dexterity to properly take care of his own oral hygiene. John ended up being rated a 4/3.5 deposit evaluation. After John left the clinic I thought to myself AHA, this is why I got into dental hygiene, is to help people in need. This new knowledge will affect patient care in the future as a student. I will not be so quickly to judge whether or not a physically and mentally challenged person will be easy to treat. Seeing this patient made me realize how difficult it is to be a clinician, and how you have to adjust yourself to each individuals needs. It really does take a lot of extra time to focus on proper oral hygiene care for these special patients. My patient care as a future dental hygienist will be definitely affected. I realize now that there are a lot of people, especially special needs patients that aren’t getting the oral health care they need and deserve. As a future dental hygienist I know that we need to get out into the public and fight for our services to be utilized for patients that are lacking oral health. People like the special needs patients, and people in nursing homes, will be a huge target population for me. I have now seen proof that the systems taking care of these people need to be educated, and shown how to properly utilize oral health and the link to the body as a whole. It would be nice to get some of my own programs going in order to further benefit these patients. Most likely after seeing what I saw with this patient, I will do volunteer work and help the people that have the least likely opportunity to oral health care. After my experience I remember why it is that I am working towards a career in dental hygiene. I will be able to practice my clinician skills and put forth the effort to benefit not only my patients as a student, but when I start practicing in the private dental office. My other focus will be on educating the communities that are underserved. Now, it’s time to get out there and start promoting oral health and overall health and putting my hygiene career to use.

Comparative studies and performance evaluation Reebok

Comparative studies and performance evaluation Reebok INTRODUCTION Reebok International Limited is a producer of athletic footwear, apparel, and accessories and is currently a subsidiary of German sportswear giant Adidas. The name comes from the frikaans spelling of Reebok, a type of African antelope or gazelle. The company, founded in England in 1895, was originally called J.W. FOSTER SONS but was renamed Reebok in 1958. The companys founders, Joe and Jeff Foster, found the name in a dictionary won in a race by Joe Foster as a boy; the dictionary was a South African edition, hence the spelling. Reebok surged in popularity in 1982 after the introduction of the Freestyle athletic shoe, which was specifically designed for women and came out when the aerobics fitness craze started. Not only was the Reebok Freestyle popular as athletic wear, but also on the streets as casual wear because of its comfort and styling. As a result the Freestyle became an icon of the 1980s fashion scene with hi-top versions (including two velcro straps at the top) and colors including white, black, red, yellow, and blue. Reebok contines to produce the Freestyle to this day as it is popular with cheerleading, aerobic dancing, the gym, and other consumers. HUMAN RIGHTS AND PRODUCTION DETAILS In the past, Reebok had an association with outsourcing through sweatshops, but today it claims it is firmly committed to human rights. In April 2004, Reeboks footwear division became the first company to be accredited by the Fair Labor Association. In 2004, Reebok also became a founding member of the Fair Factories Clearinghouse, a non-profit organization dedicated to improving worker conditions across the apparel industry. Supplier information, according to the Reebok website as of May 2007: Footwear Reebok uses footwear factories in 14 countries. Most factories making Reebok footwear are based in Asia-primarily China (accounting for 51% of total footwear production), Indonesia (21%), Vietnam (17%) and Thailand (7%). Production is consolidated, with 88% of Reebok footwear manfactured in 11 factories, employing over 75,000 workers. Apparel Reebok has factories in 45 countries. The process of purchasing products from suppliers is organized by region. Most (52%) of Reeboks apparel sold in the US is produced in Asia, with the rest coming from countries in the Caribbean, North America, Africa and the Middle East. Apparel sold in Europe is typically sourced from Asia and Europe. Apparel sold in the Asia Pacific region is typically produced by Asian-based manfacturers. The company holds exclusive rights to manfacture and market both authentic and replica uniform jerseys and sideline apparel of the teams of the National Football League (Gridiron) since 2002, the Canadian Football League since 2004, and is the official shoe supplier to the NFL Gridiron and Major League Baseball. In addition Reebok acquired official National Hockey League sponsor CCM in 2004, and is now manfacturing ice hockey equipment under the CCM and Reebok brands, and has signed popular young stars Sidney Crosby and Alexander Ovechkin to endorsement deals (Crosby for Reebok, Ovechkin for CCM). Reebok has phased out the CCM name on NHL authentic and replica jerseys in recent years, using the Reebok logo since 2005. Reebok is also endorsed by Allen Iverson, Yao Ming, Carolina Klà ¼ft, Amà ©lie Mauresmo, Nicole VaidiÃ… ¡ovà ¡, Shahar Peer, Ivy, Thierry Henry, Vince Young, Iker Casillas, Ryan Giggs, Andriy Shevchenko and Amir Khan It maintains its relationship with its origins in England through a long-term sponsorship deal with Bolton Wanderers, a Premiership football club. When the team moved to a brand new ground in the late-1990s, their new home was named the Reebok Stadium. Several other English clubs had Reebok sponsorship deals up until the purchase by Adidas, but most have since switched to either the parent brand (which has a long history in football) or another company altogether. PRODUCT RANGE Reebok has many variety of products which is as under:- Cricket teams with kits manfactured by Reebok Asia Chennai Super Kings Isasthan Royals Bangalore Royal Challengers Kolkata Knight Riders Football (soccer) clubs/leagues with kits manfactured by Reebok Europe Bolton Wanderers Aris FC KF Drenica 1. FC Kà ¶ln PFC CSKA Moscow Africa Bloemfontein Celtic AmaZulu F.C. Reebok technologies Hex Ride Play Shield Play Dry Rbk Edge Uniform System Hydro move DMX DMX10 DMX6 Griptonite The Pump DMX Foam DMX Reflex Hexalite 3D Ultralite E.R.S. (Energy Return System) TRANSFORMATION PROCESS Every organization, be it a product or service organization, transforms certain inputs into outputs. For getting the desired output, the quality of these inputs are to be monitored regularly, and also a comparion is to be made for the real output and the desired output. This all process is done in an environment of random disturbances which are unexpected and therefore sometimes not planned too. This all process is hence known as transformation process in context to operations management. Reebok adopt transformation process which creates input into output. This process creates good product of reebok. The following example shows us the transformation of reebok and it starts from learning and ends with interpretation. Reebok is main player in the market. It has its own image in the market Reebok creates good working environment for their employees Several months were taken out of the product developmentprocess, which allowedReebokto bring new and more relevant products to market much faster. FACILITY LAYOUT Whether your company is looking to incorporate new processing equipment, expand facilities or integrate a data collection system into your existing, expanded, or planned facility, reebok can help you realize the maximum benefit from your efforts. Proper Facilities Layout of reebok includes optimally locating equipment, materials, people, infrastructure and data collection points to minimize movement, handling and travel distance of the material and labor while increasing overall productivity. Reebok Facilities Layout Approach Develop and/or verify a baseline drawing Reebok and will develop and/or verify a baseline drawing of your existing facility, to include, if applicable: Production Production area drawing will show production equipment, personnel, locations and routing of primary utilities (electrical, pneumatic, vacuum, coolant, data, etc.), lighting, cranes, column locations, transportation aisles, material storage areas, docks, doors Warehouse/shipping Warehouse/shipping will show racks, columns, aisles, electrical, material handling equipment, computer workstations, data collection points, printers, inventory location and quantities Office Data infrastructure, electrical, personnel locations, solid and partition walls, common equipment (copiers, printers, etc.), Facilitate employee input meetings reebok will facilitate meetings to gain input and identify the facilities layout requirements with regard to: Product/process flow Facility / infrastructure Data transfer Equipment Inventory levels and management Develop, design and present potential new layout(s) Reebok will work to improve the process flow and efficiency based upon underlying principles of lean manfacturing and process flow efficiency. Efforts will focus on dock locations, equipment configurations, inventory management and handling practices, and expansion. The team will develop facilities layout options, showing the current operation best arranged within the facility, and offer recommendations to accommodate future growth. FACALITY LOCATION Facility location, also known as location analysis, is a branch of operations research concerning itself with mathematical modeling and solution of problems concerning optimal placement of facilities in order to minimize transportation costs, avoid placing hazardous materials near housing, outperform competitors facilities, etc Input validation assumption output PRODUCTION PLANING SYSTEM PRODUCTION PLANNING AND INVENTORY CONTROL includes the analysis of six key factors. Forecasts of future demand for both new and existing products provide information for developing production plans. In capacity planning, the firm analyzes how much of a product it must be able to produce. Location planning for goods and for low-contact services involves analyzing proposed facility sites in terms of proximity to raw materials and markets, availability of labor, and energy and transportation costs. Layout planning includes designing a facility so that customer needs are supplied for high-contact services and so as to enhance production efficiency. In quality planning, systems are developed to ensure that products meet a firms quality standards. Finally, in methods planning, specific production steps and methods for performing them are identified. The training program provides in-depth conceptual and practical skills about PRODUCTION PLANNING AND INVENTORY CONTROL Objectives of Reebok in planning It is the key concepts of Production Planning and Inventory Control. Explain the meaning of the term production or operations. Describe the four kinds of utility provided by production and explain the two classifications of operations processes. Describe the FIFO FILO concepts and processes. Identify opportunities in inventory management. Learn how to apply the tools by participating in a simulation. Explain factors in operations scheduling, operations control, materials management and the use of operations control tools. QUALITY SYSTEM First of all I m telling that why quality system needed:- How is customer satisfaction achieved? Two dimensions: Product features and Freedom from deficiencies. Product features Refers to quality of design. Examples in manfacturing industry: Performance, Reliability, Durability, Ease of use, Esthetics etc. Examples in service industry: Accuracy, Timeliness, Friendliness and courtesy, Knowledge of server etc. Freedom from deficiencies Refers to quality of conformance. Higher conformance means fewer complaints and increased customer satisfaction. Reebok take in mind all these things before designing product. It has good quality system . INVENTORY MANAGEMENT Inventoryis a list forgoodsandmaterials, or those goods and materials themselves, held available in stock by abusiness. It is also used for a list of the contents of a household and for a list for testamentarypurposes of the possessions of someone who has died. In accounting inventory is considered anasset. In business management, inventory consists of a list of goods and materials held available in stock. Inventory Management of reebok includes:- Inventory Control Must tie together the following objectives, to insure there is continity between functions: Company Strategic Goals Sales Forecasting Sales Operations Planning Production Material Planning Reebok adopt this inventory management. CONCLUSION We analyze the overall structure of the Reebok company so we conclude the it is in good position in the market. The transformation process adopted by Reebok is very good and quality of his products is very good and finally we can say the overall position of Reebok is very good. BIBLIOGRAPHY www.reebok.com www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facility_location www.invatol.com Books Stevenson Philip Kotler

Childhood Memories in My Papas Waltz by Theodore Roethke and Piano by

Childhood Memories in "My Papa's Waltz" by Theodore Roethke and "Piano" by D.H. Lawrence "My Papa's Waltz" by Theodore Roethke and "Piano" by D.H. Lawrence are two poems in which grown men recall memories of their childhood. "My Papa's Waltz" has a quietly sad, almost resigned tone as Roethke relives his nightly dances with his father as a young boy. Lawrence's "Piano" is somewhat dreamy as a man is taken back by a song to his childhood. While both are presented to us through similar personas, striking differences are apparent throughout the two poems. "My Papa's Waltz" is the pensive recollection of a boy's nightly waltz around the house in the arms of his father. Roethke's poem gives a voice to the often silent internal conflict that the children of addicts struggle with. The sad resignation of the young boy is solidified early on in the poem. In the first stanza Roethke sets a tone of both pain and loyalty with the line, "But I hung on like death: Such waltzing was not easy" (479). "My Papa's Waltz" provides readers with the opportunity to see life through the eyes of...

Kate Chopin Questions

1. What features make The Awakening a â€Å"local color† story? 2. What customs and beliefs of Edna Pontellier's society are significant in relation to her psychological development? 3. What attitudes and tendencies in the Creole characters does Edna have trouble adjusting to? 4. Why did Edna marry Leonce? Is he the model husband? 5. What incidents in the novel reveal that he may not be a good husband for Edna? 6. How do Mlle. Reisz and Mme. Ratignolle function in relation to Edna and the novel's view of women as mothers and artists? . What kind of mother is Edna? What kind of artist is she? 8. How are the background characters such as the young lovers and the lady in black at the shore, significant in Edna's story? 9. In detail, explain how the flashbacks to Edna's past function. How does her father compare to the other men in her life? 10. How does the view of romantic love develop in the course of the novel? What is the doctor's view of marriage and childbearing? 11.Can you think of an emotional attachment and/or a romantic obsession you have studied in a previous work? How does that incident or character compare with Edna's emotional and romantic relationships? 12. What are the main images and symbols in the novel? 13. Why does Edna get involved with Alcee Arobin? 14. Why do you suppose critics were outraged at this novel in 1899, saying it committed â€Å"unutterable crimes against polite society† and should be labeled â€Å"poison† to protect â€Å"moral babes†?

Project Management Organizational Structures Essay

A series of related jobs that are focused toward a major solution is a project. Projects take time, money, people, and other resources to perform successfully. Project management usually controls these resources as well as planning the project and allocating resources where needed. Before a project is started, management decides which organizational structure will be used to run the project. There are three organizational structures that can be chosen from consisting of the Functional, Matrix, and Pure Project structures. Each of these has their advantages and disadvantages in structuring a project. Project managers are in charge of initiating, planning, executing, controlling and closing the project. Prior to beginning a project the manager needs to decide which organizational structure is the best fit to run the project at hand. Choosing which organizational structure to use largely depends on the size of the company, what is trying to be accomplished, and what resources are available. This paper will examine the three primary organizational structures mentioned above and the situation in which each structure would be the best method to manage a project team. In the functional project management organizational structure, â€Å"the project is assigned to the functional unit that has the most interest in ensuring its success or can be most helpful in implementing it† (Mantel & Meredith, 2006). This organizational structure has been considerably one of the oldest methods used however, remains one of the most successful. The functional method is best used when applied to routine work functions and to support the value of work standards. Under this organizational structure projects are usually assigned into two different ways consisting of assigning a project to a functional manager who coordinates with others to contribute or assigning the project to different departments who each complete their portion of the work and report to the department managers. Consequently, â€Å"organizational behavior is important because the functional employees at the interface position find themselves reporting to more than one boss, a line manager [ass igned to control resources] and a project manager for each project they are assigned to† (Kerzner, 2006). The functional structure has both advantages and disadvantages. Advantages include a higher flexibility in using the staff through other required  contributions, employees may be switched back and forth between related projects, individuals may be grouped for a larger depth of knowledge, the functional division serves as a â€Å"base of continuity† in the event an individual chooses to withdraw from the project, and the functional field serves as a huge advancement to those who have remained with a the project through a successful completion (Mantel & Meredith, 2006). On the contrary, this structure is not very effective when used on more complex projects and when viewing employee recognition. The individual accountability of tasks is hardly recognized for tasks being performed on an individual basis. Other disadvantages recognized amongst the functional project management organizational structure include the focus not being set on the client, focusing more on activities versus function, slow responses to client needs, lack of interest and motivation in certain areas to the assigned projects, and difficulties in communicating knowledge. Alike the functional organizational structure of project management, the Pure Project structure also has its unique advantages and disadvantages. This structure allows the project to be separated from the rest of the parent system becoming a self contained unit with its own staff, administration, and tying to the parent firm through periodic progress reports and oversight (Mantel & Meredith, 2006). Advantages to using this organizational structure include full authority to the project manager who is project director, shortened lines of communication, strong and separate identities of the project team, the ease of understanding pure project organizations, and the main focus on total project versus optimized subsystems as focused by other organizational structures. The Pure Project structure is effective in dedicating resources through the life of a project. This method is excellent in executing complex projects in that it meets the demands of the project by â€Å"isolating unique work and maintaining a strong focus on completing the project† (Russell, 2008). This structure reacts rapidly to the needs of clients contrary to those in the functional organizational structure. This Pure Project structure’s inefficiencies include the transfers in technology and the use of resources, which are provided through the life of the project as well as duplications  of effort, fostering of inconsistencies, and the project taking on a life of its own. The Matrix organizational structure of project management is much a combination of both the functional and Pure Project organizational structures. This project management structure evolved from the flaws in the other two structures previously discussed. Being combined of the other two organizational structure of project management, the Matrix structure can take on a large assortment of specific forms. This structure works very well when several projects are being coordinated at once. Contrary to the best components combined from the other two organizational structures of functional and Pure Project are the disadvantages of the Matrix structure consisting of conflicts. Having â€Å"individual employees to report to at least two managers often leads to ambiguity and conflict† which in turn could be avoided through proper communication (Russell, 2008). Much of the criticisms of this Matrix structure include the dark side of its advantages for balancing out who is in charge of the project, failure of project due to lack of negotiating skills, the severity of shutting down a project because of the project’s individual identities, and balancing time, cost, and performance. There is not one organizational structure better than the other. Each organizational structure has its advantages and disadvantages. The decision rests on what project the manager is trying to accomplish. The project manager needs to decide which organizational structure best suits that project. The project manager needs to assess the available resources, finances, and keep in mind the timeframe that has been assigned to the project. In order for the project to be successful, the project manager must compare the organizational structures in order to decide which would be the most suitable. In conclusion, organizational structures are never stagnant and frequently change based on the needs and the strategy that is employed by the organization. Organizational strategies dictate the structures that can be used by the organization and the success that these structures will have in  the improvement of the productivity of the workforce in the organization. Any structure ultimately is used to improve the manner by which organizations report and communicate with the other elements within the organization. Organizational structures, rules and regulations, are generally viewed as instruments set in place to facilitate and aid task performance by all those involved in the organization. Due to the effectiveness of the project, the Functional organization, Pure Project organization, and Matrix organization are the three most project management structures that are still used today. References Kerzner, H. (2006). Project Management: A systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. (9th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Mantel, S.J. & Meredith, J.R. (2006). Project Management: A managerial approach. (6th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Russell, M. (2008). Organizational structures in project management. Ezine articles. Retrieved August 01, 2008 from http://ezinearticles.com/?Organizational-Structures-In-Project-Management.